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Performance Measures in Government

As the nation's largest think tank dedicated exclusively to government performance, the Performance Institute works with government agencies to develop and use meaningful performance measures.  Through its work, the Institute has compiled a comprehensive database of performance measures for nearly every mission area and operational function  in government. 

  • Accounting
  • Human Resources
  • Information Technology
  • Management
  • Personnel
  • Procurement
  • Manufacturing
  • Quality Assurance
  • Product Development
  • Clerical
  • Web Management

Key National Indicators Initiative
A consortium of more than 200 institutions and individuals from across America is working with government entities on the federal, state and local levels to build a system for measuring key national indicators to aid in monitoring societal progress. "A national indicator system could help assess the overall position and progress of our nation, frame strategic issues and chart future diretions," the consortium's web site declares. In researching the viability of such a national system, an online clearinghouse was developed to concentrate the many similar systems currently in place in states and municipalities.
www.keyindicators.org

Designing and Implementing Useful Performance Measures in Government
The Institute has defined and refined a proven methodology for measuring government performance: The Logic Model. Applying the Logic Model approach to developing performance measures in government is a scaleable process. Instead of implementing the approach agency-wide from the beginning, many agencies start out with a specific program, budget justification, or performance-based contracting challenge.
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MISSION AREAS

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OMB's Sample Performance Measures
OMB realizes one of the biggest challenges in becoming results-oriented is coming up with good, outcome-oriented performance and efficiency measures.  Consequently, OMB has posted a list of outcome and efficiency measures that agencies are using today.
http://www.results.gov/agenda/performance_measure_examples.pdf

Government Indicators by Sustainable Measures
Sustainable Measures, a private consulting firm, developed several indicators that measure progress toward a sustainable economy, society and environment. Among them are government indicators.
http://www.sustainablemeasures.com/Database/Government.html

Financial Performance Measures for Iowa Farms
Farmers with large investments in land, machinery, livestock and equipment need to keep informed about the financial condition of their operations. To this effect, useful financial measures can be calculated from their record books and accounting programs.
http://www.extension.iastate.edu/Publications/FM1845.pdf
 

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IT Performance Measures
The National Institute of Health's Office of the Deputy Chief Information Officer has developed an Introduction to NIH IT Performance Measures, which includes definition of terms, basic concepts, and sample performance measures for IT. 
http://wwwoirm.nih.gov/itmra/perfintro.html

Technology Indicators from Boston
The Boston Indicators Project was done to have a better understanding of Boston's key challenges and opportunities through shared access to high quality objective data. To achieve this, it developed several indicators in IT.
http://www.tbf.org/indicators/technology/grid.asp?id=263

 

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Job Training and Employment Program Performance
Last year OMB reviewed nearly 50 federal job training and employment programs. That review showed that there was little consistency across programs in measuring outcomes. As a result, OMB  proposed four possible measures for program outcomes.
http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/memoranda/m02-06_addendum.html#h2
 

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Federal Housing Program Performance
The relative performance of federal housing programs with similar functions and purposes can be assessed using a uniform cost-effectiveness measure. This comparative measure is based upon a discounted net present value of the subsidy costs required to serve an eligible family of a particular income level over an extended period of time.
http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/memoranda/m02-06_addendum.html#h1

Flood Mitigation Program Performance
Multiple Federal disaster programs attempt to reduce, or "mitigate," property damage caused by flooding. To evaluate the relative effectiveness of these programs, agencies should develop common performance measures that compare net societal benefits against federal costs of a program.
http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/memoranda/m02-06_addendum.html#h2

Health Comparison Measures
OMB proposes three measures to compare health programs including: quantify the resources expended on direct and Federally-funded health care programs and better understand the cost differences,  assist with evaluating the efficiency of these programs, compare health outcomes.
http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/memoranda/m02-06_addendum.html#h2

Health and Human Services Programs
The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has embarked on a process to establish performance measures for all of its health and human service programs.  Performance measurement is needed as a management tool to clarify goals, document the contribution toward achieving those goals, and document the benefits received from the investment in each program.
http://aspe.hhs.gov/progsys/Community/index.htm

Performance Measures for Public Health, Substance Abuse, and Mental Health
The Panel on Performance Measures and Data for Public Health Performance Partnership Grants was asked to consider performance measures in ten areas, such as: chronic diseases, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), mental health, and others. Their report focuses on measures that states and the federal government can use to negotiate agreements and monitor performance in these areas.
http://www.nap.edu/readingroom/books/apm/

Reporting Indicators for Public Health
Public health pursues "the optimal health status obtainable for the populations served and correcting, to the extent possible, the health problems that impinge upon the physical, social and mental well-being of the community." Because there are no cures for some health problems the treatment goal is control of the progression of disease.
http://www.andromeda.rutgers.edu/~ncpp/cdgp/teaching/service%20areas/health.html

Reporting Indicators for Public Assistance Programs
Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) is the largest cash assistance program in the country. It provides monthly payments to families that are determined to be eligible by county or local officials. Though it is a federal program, the actual grant amounts vary between states and depend on such factors as family size and income. The link below shows indicators recommended for AFDC and General Assistance (GA) programs.
http://www.andromeda.rutgers.edu/~ncpp/cdgp/teaching/service%20areas/assist.html

Public Health Indicators from Boston
The Boston Indicators Project was done to have a better understanding of Boston's key challenges and opportunities through shared access to high quality objective data. To achieve this, it developed several indicators in various areas including public health.
http://www.tbf.org/indicators/public-health/grid.asp?id=258

Health Indicators
Sustainable Measures, a private consulting firm, developed several indicators that measure progress toward a sustainable economy, society and environment. Among them are health indicators.
http://www.sustainablemeasures.com/Database/Health.html

Society Indicators
Sustainable Measures, a private consulting firm, developed several indicators that measure progress toward a sustainable economy, society and environment. Among them are society indicators.
http://www.sustainablemeasures.com/Database/Society.html

Housing Indicators
Sustainable Measures, a private consulting firm, developed several indicators that measure progress toward a sustainable economy, society and environment. Among them are housing indicators.
http://www.sustainablemeasures.com/Database/Housing.html
 

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Education Performance Measures
In order to assess the results of its programs, the Department of Education must develop performance measures that focus on the higher levels of measures, namely, output, outcome and impact. These performance measures must: 1) indicate a level of expected results for each program, 2) allow objective information to be gathered regarding the targets, and 3) provide a basis for comparing actual program results with the proposed goals.
http://www.ed.gov/pubs/DemoResults/Performance.html

Education Indicators from Boston
The Boston Indicators Project was done to have a better understanding of Boston's key challenges and opportunities through shared access to high quality objective data. To achieve this, it developed several indicators in various areas including education.
http://www.tbf.org/indicators/education/grid.asp?id=244

Education Indicators
Sustainable Measures, a private consulting firm, developed several indicators that measure progress toward a sustainable economy, society and environment. Among them are education indicators.
http://www.sustainablemeasures.com/Database/Education.html

University Performance Measures
Clemson University has performance measures that address planning and assessment, faculty, students, academic advising, general education (undergraduate), curriculum, graduate placement, licensure/certification results, TA training (graduate), and resources. http://assessment.clemson.edu/p_measure.htm

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Reporting Indicators for Police
According to a study by the National Advisory Commission on Criminal Justice Standards and Goals, there are recommended service efforts and accomplishments reporting indicators for police.
http://www.andromeda.rutgers.edu/~ncpp/cdgp/teaching/service%20areas/police.html

Corrections Performance Measures
The Department of Correction in Maine, as part of its strategic plan has developed proxy measures - activities or outcomes which research has demonstrated are effective in reaching the desired goals and objectives.
http://www.state.me.us/corrections/Strategic/performance.htm#Performance

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Wildland Fire Management
To improve performance, OMB proposes that the agencies develop common measures to track and compare agency progress in reducing community fire risks. The following measures also include a comparative measure (with an implied efficiency objective) relating to fire preparedness and suppression.
http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/memoranda/m02-06_addendum.html#h2

Wildland Fire Performance Measures
The Performance Institute developed performance measures for the Wildland Fire program administered by DOI and USDA using the Logic Model. These were derived from the program's strategic goals.
/Research/Wildfire.pdf

Environmental Indicators from EPA
EPA's "Environmental Indicators Initiative" improves the Agency's ability to report on the status of and trends in environmental conditions and their impacts on human health and the nation's natural resources.
http://www.epa.gov/indicators/roe/pdf/tdAppB.pdf

Index of Leading Environmental Leaders
The ninth annual Index of Leading Environmental Indicators was recently released by the Pacific Research Institute and the American Enterprise Institute. The index shows the environment continues to be America's single greatest policy.
http://www.aei.org/docLib/20040414_book764text.pdf

Environment Indicators
Sustainable Measures, a private consulting firm, developed several indicators that measure progress toward a sustainable economy, society and environment. Among them are environment indicators.
http://www.sustainablemeasures.com/Database/Environment.html

Measures of Rural Water Supply Performance
The federal government administers at least five different programs that serve the same dual objectives: to help communities located in rural areas of the country to improve the quantity and quality of their water.
http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/memoranda/m02-06_addendum.html#h7

Performance Measures for Air and Radiation Programs
EPA and States -- through the Environmental Council of the States (ECOS) adopted a set of Core Performance Measures for air and radiation programs to help paint a national picture of environmental progress.
http://www.epa.gov/ocirpage/nepps/airtabl.htm

Performance Measures for Water Programs
EPA and States -- through the Environmental Council of the States (ECOS) adopted a set of Core Performance Measures for air and radiation programs to help paint a national picture of environmental progress.
http://www.epa.gov/ocirpage/nepps/waterta.html

Performance Measures for Waste Management Programs
EPA and States -- through the Environmental Council of the States (ECOS) adopted a set of Core Performance Measures for air and radiation programs to help paint a national picture of environmental progress.
http://www.epa.gov/ocirpage/nepps/wasteta.html

Performance Measures for Enforcement and Compliance Assurance Programs
EPA and States -- through the Environmental Council of the States (ECOS) adopted a set of Core Performance Measures for air and radiation programs to help paint a national picture of environmental progress.
http://www.epa.gov/ocirpage/nepps/enftabl.html

EPA’s Core Performance Measures
EPA and States developed and adopted a set of Core Performance Measures to be used in planning, managing, and evaluating environmental programs. The measures are based on a commonly-used Hierarchy of Indicators which explains the kinds of information that can be used to measure the impact of environment and public health protection efforts.
http://www.epa.gov/ocir/nepps/core_performance_measures.htm  

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City of Austin Performance Measures Database
The City of Austin is committed to providing the highest quality services to the citizens of our community. In an effort to sustain our service levels, strive for excellence, and continued improvement, the City of Austin implemented several years ago an operating strategy of Managing For Results. This strategy incorporates a very comprehensive Business Planning process, which establishes very clear departmental goals, objectives, and performance measures.
http://www.ci.austin.tx.us/budget/eperf/index.cfm

Performance Measurement in Fairfax County, Virginia
Fairfax County is constantly seeking to improve their operations and services through their Performance Measurement Initiative.   Fairfax County's performance measures are integrated into their annual budget to ensure accountability, and establish the link between resources and results.
http://www.co.fairfax.va.us/gov/omb/vo1adobe.htm

Measures from the North Carolina Benchmarking Project
The annual reports on city services use graphs, summary tables, and explanatory information to present the performance and cost results for each service area under study. Three types of performance measures are used and reported: workload, efficiency, and effectiveness.
http://www.iog.unc.edu/programs/perfmeas/index.html

Social Indicators for California
The Little Hoover Commission has compiled an initial set of social indicators for the State of California and encourages policy-makers to use these indicators and performance measures to set priorities, build political consensus for reform and guide these reforms.
/Research/hoover_staterankings.pdf

Social Indicators from Arizona
The Arizona Department of Health Services has developed a number of social indicators. For each social indicator, a data table and map were developed to represent the frequency of each indicator throughout the state.
http://www.hs.state.az.us/bhs/prevention/index.htm

Environmental Protection Indicators for California
The Environmental Protection Indicators for California (EPIC) project, led by Cal/EPA's Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA), is responsible for developing and maintaining a set of "environmental indicators" for California.
http://www.oehha.ca.gov/public_info/facts/epicfacts.html

Performance Measures from Oregon's Housing and Community Services
The Oregon Progress Board is an independent state planning and oversight agency. The Board is responsible for implementing the state's 20-year strategic plan, Oregon Shines, which includes performance measures.
http://www.oregon.gov/OHCS/FMD/DMS/docs/2003_biennium_perf_meas.pdf

Human Resources Performance Measures
The Office of Human Resources of South Carolina presented a methodology and measures for agency use based on three studies, which include 44 measures.  These are provided for reference to be used  as appropriate to meet the needs of individual agencies in the state.
http://www.state.sc.us/ohr/orgperformance/hrmeasures.htm

Education Indicators for California
The Little Hoover Commission has compiled an initial set of education indicators for the State of California and encourages policy-makers to use these indicators and performance measures to set priorities, build political consensus for reform and guide these reforms.
/Research/hoover_staterankings.pdf

Governmental Indicators for California
The Little Hoover Commission has compiled an initial set of governmental indicators for the State of California and encourages policy-makers to use these indicators and performance measures to set priorities, build political consensus for reform and guide these reforms.
/Research/hoover_staterankings.pdf

Environmental Indicators for California
The Little Hoover Commission has compiled an initial set of environmental indicators for the State of California and encourages policy-makers to use these indicators and performance measures to set priorities, build political consensus for reform and guide these reforms.
/Research/hoover_staterankings.pdf

Education Performance Measures
The Department of Education of Delaware as part of its strategic plan has developed performance measures that relate to the five organizational goals set by the department.
http://www.doe.state.de.us/docs/pdf/dedoe_perfmeasures2002.pdf

OPERATIONAL FUNCTIONS

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Accounting Performance Measures
Performance-Based Management Special Interest Group (PBM SIG) was chartered to foster continuous improvement and facilitate the use of performance-based management techniques within the U.S. Department of Energy community. As part of this effort, it published a handbook outlining performance measures for accounting.
http://www.orau.gov/pbm/sample/accounting.html

Finance Performance Measures
Performance-Based Management Special Interest Group (PBM SIG) was chartered to foster continuous improvement and facilitate the use of performance-based management techniques within the U.S. Department of Energy community. As part of this effort, it published a handbook outlining performance measures for finance.
http://www.orau.gov/pbm/sample/finance.html

Information Systems Performance Measures
Performance-Based Management Special Interest Group (PBM SIG) was chartered to foster continuous improvement and facilitate the use of performance-based management techniques within the U.S. Department of Energy community. As part of this effort, it published a handbook outlining performance measures for information systems.
http://www.orau.gov/pbm/sample/infosystems.html

Management Performance Measures
Performance-Based Management Special Interest Group (PBM SIG) was chartered to foster continuous improvement and facilitate the use of performance-based management techniques within the U.S. Department of Energy community. As part of this effort, it published a handbook outlining performance measures for management.
http://www.orau.gov/pbm/sample/management.html

Personnel Performance Measures
Performance-Based Management Special Interest Group (PBM SIG) was chartered to foster continuous improvement and facilitate the use of performance-based management techniques within the U.S. Department of Energy community. As part of this effort, it published a handbook outlining performance measures for personnel.
http://www.orau.gov/pbm/sample/personnel.html

Procurement/Purchasing Performance Measures
Performance-Based Management Special Interest Group (PBM SIG) was chartered to foster continuous improvement and facilitate the use of performance-based management techniques within the U.S. Department of Energy community. As part of this effort, it published a handbook outlining performance measures for procurement.
http://www.orau.gov/pbm/sample/procurement.html

Manufacturing and Test Engineering Performance Measures
Performance-Based Management Special Interest Group (PBM SIG) was chartered to foster continuous improvement and facilitate the use of performance-based management techniques within the U.S. Department of Energy community. As part of this effort, it published a handbook outlining performance measures for manufacturing.
http://www.orau.gov/pbm/sample/manufacturing.html

Quality Assurance Performance Measures
Performance-Based Management Special Interest Group (PBM SIG) was chartered to foster continuous improvement and facilitate the use of performance-based management techniques within the U.S. Department of Energy community. As part of this effort, it published a handbook outlining performance measures for quality control.
http://www.orau.gov/pbm/sample/quality.html

Product Development/Engineering Performance Measures
Performance-Based Management Special Interest Group (PBM SIG) was chartered to foster continuous improvement and facilitate the use of performance-based management techniques within the U.S. Department of Energy community. As part of this effort, it published a handbook outlining performance measures for product development.
http://www.orau.gov/pbm/sample/product.html

Clerical Performance Measures
Performance-Based Management Special Interest Group (PBM SIG) was chartered to foster continuous improvement and facilitate the use of performance-based management techniques within the U.S. Department of Energy community. As part of this effort, it published a handbook outlining performance measures for clerical.
http://www.orau.gov/pbm/sample/clerical.html

Performance Measures for Federal Agency Websites
As federal agencies move to the Web environment as a primary means to disseminate information to the public, they require performance measures that will assist agencies to assess the quality and usefulness of their websites and to improve public information access services of those websites. 
http://fedbbs.access.gpo.gov/library/download/MEASURES/measures.doc